Improvement in filters



E'. S. FARSON.

FILTER.

5; @initrd (Svi-aire airs-t2 ctjjiirr,

ENo'c'I'I s. ,ransom or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROYEMBNT IN FILTERS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and .making part c( the name I, Exode s. Pinson, o f the tay ofrhimaeipmal,

in the Stateof Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements iu Water-Filters, of -wlfich the-following is a specification; I

Nature and Objects of the I mention..

'The rst .part of my invention relates to the con'` struction, arrangement, and combiuation'ofan upper vessel for receiving the ice and water to be filtered, a lower one for holding the filtering'substances'and d ischarging the water as ltered, and a perforated couieal cap attached over a series of perforations in the middle 'of the Vbottom of the upper vessel, the object of this part of my invention being to adapt the said two connected vessels for the application and removal with readyfacility, of alstrainerabove and certain filtering substances; below the said bottom, as will hereinafter bedescribed The Vsecond partoffmy iliveutionrelatcs to the combinationwith the under side of thesaid bottomof the,V

upper vessel of an adjustable-disk and a nutted-screwbolt, in such a manner that certain strata of gravel, sand, an'd charcoal, or other suitable filteriugsubstances, can be firmlyvsupported up against thesaid bottom, and, at the ,same time, leave a narrowannular space between the said disk and the lsides ofthe llower vessel, the object of this part of vmy invention being to enable the` attendant to cleanse,- remove, or renew the said filtering substances with facility, as occasion 'may require', and to cause the water, in ltering or `,percolating through the same, to pass from the perforations in the middle of the bottom of the upper vessel to` ward 'theannular space around the disk,'and be discharged from the-latter in a vperfectly filtered condition;

The third part of my invention relatesltofthe construction and' application over the perforated bottom and conical capof a readily removable and adjustable strainer, consisting of a diaphragm, provided, on its under side, 4witlran mperforate outer flange around near its perimeter, a perforated annular ilauge'around near its center, and either a flexible straining-cloth,

,with alsmallfhole in itscenter, or a' sheet-metal disk, pmforated by a series of minuteholcsarouud near its perimeter, and a small'expansible hole in itscente'r, inl Such-a manner that, when the s'aid complicate strainer isapplied on the bottom of the upper vessel, the hole" .in thecenter of the Astraining-cloth or` disk will it water-tight 'around the base oi the perforated. conical cap, while the outer flange ivill rest upon low supporta whichwill allow the water above to pass down under thesaid outer flange, thence through the strainingcloth or disk and the perforated iunerange,l and, 1i

nally, through the perforated conicalgcap to the tilter-I ing strata -helow the said bottout the object of this part'of my invention being twofold, first, to prevent any coarse substances iu the water from entering the perforated conical cap, and, second, to allow the whole complicate strainer to be'freely lifted out of the'upper vessel for '\vashing or' cleansing `either theY vessel or.

strainer, or both, as occasion may require.

4,lllescrtption of .the Accompanying Drmvings.

A is the larger or upper vessel '13,' the smaller or lower vessel;

0,' the' metallicv diaphragm c' and c", its flanges ;A

D, the straining-cloth; L

c', the hottouiof the vessel A;

a", the perforated conical cap;l F, theI dish upon which the iilteringzmaterials, Er rest' Y G; the uuttedbolt which sustansthc dish F; and.

H H, the 'air-tubes;

The sides of the vessels and B maybeniade of suitable sheet metal, butthe bottom a' of the upper vessel A, with its conical cap afi, thediaphragm C with its ilages c' c", and the dish or disk F,-should eachbe made strong land, stili-say, of cast-iron coatedwith zincorltin.

' A'lh'e central ange c is annular and concentric, but is only about half the length of theouter flanged, so that, when the diaphragm C," with;itsstrainingcloth D attached, is placed upon the bottom of' the vessel A, the annular central iiange c" will press the perforated middle part of thecloth D tightly down around 'the conical cap a, at. a .shrt'distance lbelow the'pervvforations 3 3 3, in its upper veudfwhile'lthe lowe-r edge of the outer ilange c, rests'upun three or four low supports, 4 4, ou Ithe bottom a', so. as to allow the water topass down around the flange andvuudler the cloth'D omits edge, and thence upward through the cloth jto the perforations 3,3 3 in the conical cap a. l

'lhe dishl1 is1supp01ted by thcnutted bolt G, so.

as to retain the lteriug materials E in the upper part of the lower vessel B, andso that the said materials` The strainiugclotb -D 'may be made offlanuel, felt, l

can be ,tightened up' in case of any wastage. of the same.

The ltering materials consist, first, ofcoarse and fine gravel; second, sand; third, coarse charcoal;l fourth, fine charcoal` and 'fine gravel, mixed,I in layers arranged in the order named, from the top to the middle ofthe mass G, and then in a reversed order from. the middle to the bottom, substantially as representedin' the drawing.

The air-tubes H H communicatewith-the interior of the upper end of the vessel B, and, extending upward'along on the outside of the vessel A, open a lit- .tle way below the supporting-ring 5 of the' said vessel.'

- The wholefiltcr is intended. to be suspended-inria water-retaining vessel, and covered,'substantially as nindicated by the dotted Vlines xi and y. l Y,

The water to be filtered having been placed in the vessel A, it gradually passes through the lter'in'the' directions of the arrows marked therein.' on the drawing, and thus finally percolates into the retainilig-ve's sel inthe purified and transparent condition required.

I have tested these1i1ters 'with water taken from the gutters of the streets, with water containing coalvmaand with soap-suds,and in each instance found that, after the Water had passedthrough the tilt-er, it was perfectly clear and bright, and free from any smell ortaste of either the soap, coal-tar, or any other im purity, aud I also found that, by taking out \.tlie diaphragm, turning the filter bottom upward, and passing clean water. copiously through it for a few minutes, all the deposits or lfeculafarrested during thesaid exmassa periments by the vfiltering materials E were,A discharged by the said reversed current, hence a renewal of the filtering materials E need notbe madeiuntil the char@ coal has lost its depuratory power, or, say, not ofteuer than two orthree times a year.-

Claims. I claim as my invention- 1. The perforated conicalicap a", the depressed lforaminous`center in the bottom aof .the vessel A, the

`nutted screw-bolt'G, the concave dish F, Aupon which the filtering materials E rest, and the 4air-tubes H H,

the said parts being 'arranged and applied to operateA in combination with the vessels A and B, as andlfor the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

2.' The removable cover O, with its imperforate outer Y flange'c' and perforated inner;lauge-c", in combination with the detachable strainer l), the. said parts beingconstructed and arranged together'so that, when the cve'r is applied over the bottom a'of the vessel Ayas described, the expansible material around the hole iii the center of the strainer D will be pressedvdown watertight around the base of the perforatedcouical cap a', andj thus cause tbewater in the vessel A to pass. upward-through the said strainer before it can reach the perforations in the said conical cap a", as and for thepurpose hereinbefore set forth.

ENOOH S.V FARSON.

Witnesses:

BnNJ, Morrison, WM. H. MonrsoN. 

